The Neutrality Illusion: Biased Economics,Biased Training,and Biased Monetary Policy. Testing the Role of Ideology on FOMC Voting Behaviour

This research is trying to shed light on two myths that are usually widespread: the first one being the idea of the academic economist as a neutral scientist finding uncontestable consensual truths, thanks to uncontestable empirical methods, the second, the idea of the central banker as a Weberian neutral bureaucrat setting aside personal beliefs to act mechanically for the common good. Deconstructing this ‘neutrality illusion’, this work argues that economics is actually a divided and ideologically marked discipline despite its aim at natural-science-type-legitimacy. It argues in a related discussion that such ideological bias also impedes a purely neutral conduct of monetary policy, undermining the very idea of central bank independence. Linking these two arguments, it argues that graduate training in economics is the first place for the formation of biased preferences, because of the substantial ideological sorting that exists across universities. Using a unique database on FOMC members’ votes and ideology, the paper tests this idea empirically and despite unavoidable caveats, finds robust evidence of a systematic impact of the ideological features of their alma mater on FOMC members’ voting behaviour – impact that we found more important than the other traditional determinants of central bankers’ actions.     

海尔集团管理哲学的实践价值探讨

随着经济全球化的不断深入以及产品研发的不断创新,市场竞争日益激烈。企业为了维持稳定的发展,满足理论与实践共同发展的时代要求,发展企业核心竞争力十分必要。企业核心竞争力不仅包括研发、生产、加工等传统指标,而且包括在企业中时时刻刻影响着企业经营的管理哲学。海尔集团能在短短三十年间取得如今的成就,便是凭借其优秀的管理哲学。因此,探究海尔集团管理哲学在企业运营中产生的实践价值显得尤为重要。     

HR managers’ talent philosophies: prevalence and relationships with perceived talent management practices

Abstract

HR managers have different beliefs about the nature, value, and instrumentality of talent—referred to as ‘talent philosophies’. In line with cognitive psychology, we reason that talent philosophies are similar to mental models that influence how HR managers interpret and use talent management (TM) practices within their organizations. In this article, we explore the prevalence of four different talent philosophies (exclusive/stable; exclusive/developable; inclusive/stable; inclusive/developable) in a sample of 321?HR managers. We then explore how talent philosophies relate to organizational context (i.e. size, ownership form, multinational orientation) as well as to HR managers’ perceptions of their organization’s TM practices. Cluster analysis corroborated the presence of the four talent philosophies in our dataset. All four talent philosophies were represented almost equally often in the overall dataset. Organizational size was found to be related to talent philosophies, such that HR managers who worked in smaller organizations were more likely to hold an inclusive talent philosophy. We also found support for the relationship between talent philosophies and perceptions of the exclusiveness or inclusiveness of the organization’s definition of talent, and its degree of workforce differentiation. Contrary to expectations, results did not support a link between talent philosophies and perceived talent identification criteria.     

基础设施类型、产业特征与中国企业出口行为

在异质性企业理论框架下,引入教育供给因素,将其视为社会型基础设施与交通基础设施进行比较研究;通过合并基础设施数据与工业企业数据分析两类基础设施对企业出口的异质性影响。实证研究显示:不同类型基础设施对企业出口产生不同影响,其中地区教育供给对企业出口促进作用显著,交通基础设施对企业出口作用并不稳健;不同基础设施对沿海和内陆地区企业出口有差异化影响;在产业特征框架下,基础设施供给对密集使用某类基础设施的企业出口促进作用明显。地方政府应重视社会型基础设施的贸易促进作用,调整地区基础设施投资结构。     

Examining relationships among perceived benefit,tourist experience and satisfaction: the context of intelligent sharing bicycle

Intelligent sharing bicycle has been a new fashion in China and appeals to more and more tourists. To better understand the experience of tourists traveling on sharing bicycle, this study explored the influence of perceived benefit of sharing bicycle on different perceived experiences, including escape, entertainment, esthetic and educational experiences. The relationships between these experiences and perceived satisfaction were also tested. An effective questionnaire survey was conducted for 296 tourists in Chengdu, China. The results of the study show that perceived benefit significantly relates to all the four dimensions of experience. However, only entertainment and esthetic experience seem to affect tourist satisfaction in this context. The relationship among educational experience, escape experience and tourist satisfaction are insignificant. Theoretical and practical implications of the study results are discussed for further research.     

浅谈多媒体教育技术在教学中的应用

多媒体教育技术的快速发展,对人类的生活产生了巨大影响。特别是在现代教育手段中的应用更是呈现出多姿多彩的局面,丰富了教育技术手段的种类,使教学效果的投入与产出得到了有效提升。     

对戴维森的意义理论的评述

戴维森以塔斯基的真理论为基础,提出了自己著名的意义理论———成真条件语义学。戴维森的成真条件语义学是对塔斯基的真理论的继承和发展,对语言哲学的发展起了重大的作用。     

《德意志意识形态》中的科学法哲学观

《德意志意识形态》标志着马克思法哲学理论体系的形成。马克思和恩格斯第一次全面地、科学地阐述了历史唯物主义基本原理,并将这些原理运用于法学研究,从而创立了马克思主义的法哲学观。     

高校营造良好育人环境的研究

高校培养素质人才,必须从提高思想认识出发,发挥学校各个部门和全校师生的作用,采取切实可行的措施、方法和机制,依靠全社会的力量营造良好育人环境。     

关于教师教育观念的转变

教育观念的先进性与教育改革的成功休戚相关。教师必须适应经济社会的发展,更新教育观念,并用以指导教育实践,提高教育质量。